Construction All Risks (CAR) Insurance Explained: Tender Compliance, Risk Management & Key Clauses

Construction All Risks (CAR) Clauses – Insurance Clauses Explained

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Construction All Risks (CAR) insurance is a type of Engineering Insurance cover designed to protect construction projects against sudden and unforeseen physical loss or damage, as well as third-party liability, from project commencement until completion and handover.

In most civil construction projects, CAR insurance is a mandatory pre-requisite at tender award stage, alongside key financial guarantees such as Performance Bonds, Advance Payment Bonds, and statutory covers like WIBA. These requirements must be satisfied before:

  • Contract execution
  • Site mobilization
  • Release of advance payments
  • Disbursement of project funds

Failure to comply may delay project commencement or affect funding approvals.

Construction projects are inherently exposed to a wide range of risks — including structural failure, contractor errors, weather-related damage, theft, and risks during testing and commissioning.

To address these exposures, CAR policies incorporate a range of clauses and extensions that define how coverage operates in practice.

Understanding these clauses is essential for contractors, project owners, engineers, and developers to ensure adequate protection and avoid costly gaps at claims stage.


πŸ“© Need Support?

At Surefront Insurance Brokers Ltd., we support contractors and project stakeholders in meeting pre-requisite insurance and bonding requirements for civil tender awards.

We assist in:

  • Structuring Construction All Risks (CAR) insurance in line with tender specifications
  • Arranging Performance Bonds and Advance Payment Guarantees compliant with contract conditions
  • Ensuring WIBA and statutory covers are in place before site mobilization
  • Validating documentation for employer and financier approval

πŸ‘‰ Engage us early at tender award stage to ensure timely compliance, seamless contract execution, and uninterrupted project funding.

Key Construction All Risks (CAR) Clauses

1. Contract Works Clause

Covers physical loss or damage to works under construction.

2. Temporary Works Clause

Covers scaffolding, formwork, and shoring systems.

  • Scaffolding: Temporary access structures used to support workers and materials at height.
  • Formwork: Molds used to shape and support concrete until it hardens.
  • Shoring Systems: Temporary supports used to stabilize structures or excavations and prevent collapse.

3. Third-Party Liability Clause

Covers legal liability for bodily injury or property damage.

4. Debris Removal Clause

Covers debris clearance costs following an insured loss.

5. Maintenance Period Clause

Extends cover after completion for defects arising during the maintenance period.

6. Testing & Commissioning Clause

Covers risks during testing prior to project handover.

7. Professional Fees Clause

Covers engineers’, architects’, and consultants’ fees during reinstatement.

8. Escalation Clause

Provides for increases in project cost.

9. Off-Site Storage Clause

Covers materials stored away from the construction site.

10. Transit Clause

Covers materials while in transit.

11. Surrounding Property Clause

Covers damage to nearby property.

12. Cross Liability Clause

Treats each insured party independently in liability claims.

13. Vibration, Weakening & Removal of Support Clause

Covers damage caused by excavation and structural weakening.

14. Existing Property Clause

Covers damage to pre-existing property at the site.

15. Fire Fighting Expenses Clause

Covers costs incurred in extinguishing fire.

16. Overtime, Night Work & Express Freight Clause

Covers additional costs to expedite repairs.

17. Automatic Reinstatement Clause

Restores the sum insured after a claim.

18. Waiver of Subrogation Clause

Prevents recovery against specified parties.

19. 72-Hour Clause

Groups related losses within 72 hours as one occurrence.

20. Partial Occupation Clause

Allows partial use of completed sections without affecting cover.

Defects Liability Clauses (LEG Clauses)

  • LEG 1: No cover for defects or resulting damage
  • LEG 2: Defective part excluded, resulting damage covered
  • LEG 3: Broadest cover including limited defect repair

Other Important Clauses

  • Natural Perils Clause: Covers risks such as flood, storm, and earthquake
  • Sub-Limits Clause: Defines limits for transit and storage

Key Takeaways

  • Defines what is covered
  • Clarifies when cover applies
  • Determines claim outcomes

A well-structured CAR policy must align with project risks, contractual obligations, and practical exposures.

Why Proper Structuring Matters

Engineering insurance is highly technical and project-specific. Inadequate structuring can result in coverage gaps, claims disputes, and uninsured financial exposure. The difference between a paid and declined claim often lies in how well the policy clauses were structured at inception.

πŸ“© Work With Experts in Engineering Insurance

At Surefront Insurance Brokers Ltd., we provide specialist advisory, structuring, and claims support for construction and engineering risks. We collaborate with leading insurers and reinsurance brokers to ensure adequate capacity, proper risk placement, and alignment with complex project exposures. Engage us early in your project lifecycle to ensure your project is fully protected.

✍️ About the Author

Arbanus Kimenye
MBA (Insurance) | AIIK
Insurance & Risk Management Executive

A seasoned insurance professional with over 19 years of experience in underwriting, claims, and engineering risk advisory, delivering practical and results-driven insurance solutions.